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Question

A. General Principles - b. Grandfather Rule

In 2015, the Philippine government implemented a new law regulating the use of motor vehicles in major cities. The law requires all vehicles to undergo emissions testing and obtain a certificate of compliance. However, the law includes a provision known as the "Grandfather Rule" which exempts certain vehicles from compliance with the emissions testing requirement.

Discuss the following scenarios and determine whether the "Grandfather Rule" applies:

1. Antonio owns a vintage car manufactured in 1990. He has been using the car for personal transportation for the past 10 years. Is Antonio's vintage car exempted from the emissions testing requirement under the "Grandfather Rule"? Explain.
2. Maria operates a public utility jeepney, which she has been using as a mode of transportation for the past 15 years. The jeepney was manufactured in 2005. Is Maria's jeepney exempted from the emissions testing requirement under the "Grandfather Rule"? Explain.
3. Ramon owns a brand new car purchased in 2021. The car is equipped with state-of-the-art emission control systems. Is Ramon's brand new car exempted from the emissions testing requirement under the "Grandfather Rule"? Explain.

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Answer